Barbara Kruger's 2011 Untitled set, featuring Who Will Write the History of Tears? and Are There Animals in Heaven?, continues her exploration of existential questions and societal critique through bold text and compelling visual design. Each piece invites viewers to engage with profound and thought-provoking queries, blending personal introspection with broader philosophical considerations.

Who Will Write the History of Tears? presents the question "Who will write the history of tears?" against a monochromatic backdrop. By posing this question, Kruger encourages viewers to reflect on the significance of emotional pain and sorrow in human history. The query suggests a contemplation of whose stories of suffering are recorded and remembered, and whose are overlooked or forgotten. It prompts viewers to consider the narratives that are preserved and the biases inherent in historical documentation. Kruger’s work here highlights the importance of acknowledging and validating all experiences of grief and suffering, not just those deemed significant by dominant cultural narratives.

Are There Animals in Heaven? features the titular question, prompting viewers to ponder the existence of an afterlife for animals. This piece delves into themes of spirituality, the afterlife, and the moral consideration of non-human beings. By raising this question, Kruger challenges viewers to reflect on their beliefs about the soul, the nature of heaven, and the place of animals within these constructs. It invites a broader discussion about the ethical treatment of animals and their roles in both earthly and spiritual realms. The piece encourages viewers to consider the empathy and compassion extended to all living beings, questioning the boundaries of moral and spiritual inclusion.

Both pieces in this set exemplify Kruger’s ability to provoke deep thought and discussion through her art. Who Will Write the History of Tears? and Are There Animals in Heaven? use simple yet profound questions to engage viewers in a dialogue about memory, empathy, and moral philosophy. Kruger’s characteristic bold text draws immediate attention, ensuring that the viewer is confronted directly with these existential queries. By focusing on questions that resonate on multiple levels, she encourages viewers to engage in a critical examination of their beliefs and the world around them. This set, like much of her work, underscores the importance of questioning and understanding the deeper meanings behind our emotions, histories, and ethical considerations.